Here's part 5 of guest blogger, and certified mortgage planner, Barbara Van Duyn's 7-part series on the more common mortgage mistakes. If you have any questions for her you can reach her at Barbara@VanDuynGroup.com.
You’ve probably heard the term “deferred interest” or “negative amortization” because in the past 6 years this type of loan financing was very popular and in a healthy real estate market it served a purpose. Today is a different story. With real estate values declining, this loan option has all but disappeared. The reason for talking about it is… many folks still have this type of mortgage and it’s a Time Bomb waiting to explode. If you have not refinanced out of this loan product, you are facing a “recast” in the coming months. So take this opportunity to understand what you can expect and then seek help from a certified mortgage professional to discuss your options. Good Luck!
Negative Amortization or Option Arm Loans. Negative amortization is when the loan balance increases rather than decreases because the minimum monthly payment is less than the actual interest rate being charged. An example might be where the borrower makes a payment based on a low 1.5% pay rate but the actual interest rate being charged is 7%. The difference between what is being charged and the amount paid is added to the loan balance. An Option ARM is the most sophisticated mortgage strategy and not suitable for the average borrower. Unfortunately, most loan originators who sell these loans pitch the low monthly payment and don’t properly educate the borrower of the down side risk. If you’re considering an Option ARM loan, let’s see how well you know what you’re in for. Let’s begin with a little test:
- I know what the fully indexed or effective rate is?
- I understand why my pay rate increases 7.5% every year until the recast point.
- I know how negative amortization will affect my loan?
- I know when my loan will recast?
So how did you do? These questions are basic to understanding an Option Arm. The most common mistake a borrower makes is thinking the start rate is the interest rate. Another problem is understanding what “recast” is and how soon it can occur. When deferred interest causes the loan balance to increase by 10% to 25% of the original loan amount, the loan will recast. Recast will result in your minimum monthly payment increasing by as much as 80% to 120%. For some borrowers, recast has occurred as soon as month 33 or 2.75 years into the loan. These loans are also associated with Pre-Payment Penalties that can last up to 3 years. You may also be unable to refinance the loan because deferred interest has increased your loan balance and there isn’t sufficient appreciation. If your mortgage person hasn’t explained the risk vs. reward to you, don’t walk…. RUN way and find a mortgage professional who is capable of educating you completely and has your best interest in mind.